4-5.1 - Identify plant and animal wastes, and describe how they are recycled in nature. For example, plant leaves serve as a source of food for soil insects, worms and other creatures. The wastes of these animals may then be further broken down by molds, fungi and bacteria.

4-5.2 - Identify and classify wastes that result from human activity.

4-5.3 - Describe alternative methods of disposal, and identify possible advantages and disadvantages of each.

4-5.4 - Distinguish between wastes that are readily biodegradable and those that are not.

4-5.5 - Compare different kinds of packaging, and infer the relative advantages and disadvantages of that packaging. In evaluating different forms of packaging, students should demonstrate the ability to consider a consumer perspective as well as an environmental perspective.

4-5.6 - Identify methods of waste disposal currently used within the local community.

4-5.7 - Identify kinds of wastes that may be toxic to people and to the environment.

4-5.8 - Identify alternative materials and processes that may decrease the amount of waste produced; e.g., reducing wastage of food, using both sides of a sheet of paper.

4-5.9 - Identify ways in which materials can be reused or recycled, including examples of things that the student has done.

4-5.10 - Develop a flow chart for a consumer product that indicates the source materials, final product, its use and method of disposal.

4-5.11 - Identify actions that individuals and groups can take to minimize the production of wastes, to recycle or reuse wastes and to ensure the safe handling and disposal of wastes.

4-5.12 - Develop and implement a plan to reduce waste, and monitor what happens over a period of time.